Supporters of a "market-based cap" on carbon emissions (which is what the Obama administration has proposed) claim that America successfully reduced sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions under the Acid Rain Program (ARP) through a tradable permits system. But as AEI scholars Ken Green, Steve Hayward, and Kevin Hassett explained in 2007, ARP differs greatly from capping carbon emissions.
"...SO2 and CO2 are not comparable targets for emissions reduction. Reducing SO2 emissions did not require any constraint on end-use energy production or consumption. Coal-fired power plants had many low-cost options to reduce SO2 emissions without reducing electricity production. Some switched to low-sulfur coal (abetted in large part by railroad deregulation in the 1980s, which made transport of Western low-sulfur coal more economical than previously). The cost of "scrubbers"--industrial devices which capture SO2 and sequester it--turned out to be lower than predicted. Other utilities emphasized more use of natural gas. The impact on ratepayers and consumers was modest.
more »


